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Emergency response mechanisms of public finance

I. Introduction This article from the collected papers from China Union [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] This is a profound lesson. from here, this lesson is not isolated, specific, but has universal significance. The process of building the control of public finance, China is already the established mechanism of emergency to include emergency response it? This is an urgent need to study a major issue, we can from this Second, public risk and public crisis is the norm in modern society Historically, public risk and public crisis and human society, hand in hand. Social risks from two aspects of uncertainty: uncertainty in the natural environment and social development within the uncertainty. Once the uncertainties into reality, to turn into crises. Human history, social forms,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], it can be said in response to a variety of human risk and the public formed during the crisis. From the general sense, human society, the emergence of various systems, public risk and are a product of public crisis. in the self-sufficient economy,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], social division of labor developed, coupled with various natural barrier of the barrier, the interdependence within society is not strong linkages between members of society, mainly confined to the geographical space range, such as natural villages, the natural market towns. In the economic, social activity is relatively isolated and closed form of this society, public risk and public crisis of infectious relatively weak, slow time and space smaller, and thus lower the frequency of outbreaks, especially in economy, nor will there be any economic crisis. in modern society, the nature of risks still threaten the survival and development of human society (some diseases and earthquakes, etc.), but the real threat comes from within the operation of socio-economic uncertainty and The resulting crises. The first is the division of labor and natural differences, the interaction between members of the community is difficult to communicate, coordinate, create various social contradictions and conflicts of the natural base. Such as between men and women, ethnic, geographic, and each person between the different natural endowments, etc., to make society run the unknowable, the human understanding of their own society's understanding of nature than the more difficult. Followed by the social division of labor to the production process of individual socialization and the products of labor into a social product, the interdependence between members of society, so that their collaboration becomes a moment not to leave, the resulting uncertainty. Once a part in the collaborative process is a problem, there may be public risk and public crises. public risk and public crisis, the expansion of the development by the social division of labor brought about. Social division of labor brought about efficiency, computer, communication and network technology development has become increasingly technical, the social division of labor and the increasing globalization of production and trade, but also to run the economy and social development of greatly increased uncertainty in the process. The socio-economic development of the market approach, the division of labor and technology within the economic performance caused by the uncertainty has reached unprecedented levels,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], leading to the public risk is unmatched. The market economy is highly monetized economy. Money was originally a means of trading, but in the currency of the economy has become an end. Once you become an end,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], it will make money given a life, became an independent movement. At this time, money and the likelihood of the economic dislocation produced. High level of economic monetization of bringing economic financial. Capital market such as stock market, bond market, futures market, the optimal allocation of resources does play a role of a catalyst to speed up the elements of flow and reorganization, and enhance the resource utilization and effectiveness. However, once the capital itself becomes a commodity,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], a transaction object, easy to make the economic bubble and the formation of the financial crisis. the market due to economic, financial and globalization, economic and social crisis of public risk and the general public will be conducted through the following mechanisms: (1) spillover effects. A country's currency devaluation and stock market crash is usually the relative price mechanism through the exchange rate affect trade and capital flows, the formation of his country's competitive devaluation. (2) The monsoon effect. As the major industrial countries and policy changes in commodity prices will contribute to emerging markets crisis of a currency and capital. (3) contagion effect. Crisis in one country, not only investors lose confidence in the country will shake the country's investment in other similar psychological expectations, causing the crisis in the international transfer. the practice of modern society, and public risk confirmed a growing public crisis. The last century the late 80s early 90s the former Soviet Union and Eastern European countries, the disintegration of the global crisis spread to the public According to statistics, from 1980 to 1996, a total of 133 member states took place in the banking sector crisis or problem .1994 serious financial crises in Mexico and quickly passed to other Latin American countries, Brazil and Argentina. 1997 Southeast Asian financial crisis, the end of 2000 the Turkish financial crisis, economic crisis in Argentina in 2001, to the recent war in Iraq caused by the oil crisis and now throughout the world of the existence and inevitability of public risk, but the frequency was increasing. In the framework of the global village, a variety of public risk (economic, social, political and other risks) reinforce each other, mutual transmission, overlay and expansion of public crisis is not accidental phenomenon, the context of globalization can be said that countries facing a