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Dołączył: 31 Mar 2011
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Wysłany: Czw 9:35, 07 Kwi 2011 Temat postu: Coach Crossbody Bag Ammonia Coach Crossbody Bag |
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When exposed to the air it becomes a gas. When combined with metals, ammonia forms ammines or complex compounds. When it neutralizes acids it produces ammonium salts.
Elevated ammonia levels causes irritation and burns. If swallowed, it causes burns to the mouth [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], throat and stomach. If splashed into the eyes, it causes burns and even blindness. Additionally [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], with prolonged exposure or with higher concentrations of ammonia, lung damage and/or death occurs.
"ToxFAQs for Ammonia". Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 31 August 2010.
Use adequate ventilation.Wear protective clothing and eye protection.Keep out of the reach of children.Follow safety rules.Avoid areas where ammonia may be in use.Sources:
"Ammonia". Access Science from McGraw Hill. 31 August 2010.
Because it occurs naturally in the environment, as a result of decomposition, ammonia can be found in the atmosphere, water, soil, plants, animals and within the human body. It is used immediately for nutrients in plants and bacteria. Therefore, typical exposure to it does not cause any health concerns.
To avoid the damaging effects of concentrated levels of ammonia use precautions, such as:
Ammonia, chemical formula NH3, is soluble in water and when mixed with water forms ammonium hydroxide or ammonia water. This form of ammonia is not reactive when dry, but when dissolved in water it will react to other chemicals.
Ammonia is used for organic fertilizer for plant food and weed control. Ammonia nitrate and other ammonia salts increase crop production with high percentages of nitrogen. Oxidized ammonia makes nitric acid which is used to make trinitrotoluene or TNT explosives. The textile industry produces synthetic fibers such as nylon and cuprammonium rayon with ammonia. Ammonia water is used as a cleaning agent and fabric stain remover in many households.
Ammonia gas changes to liquid at 92.3 F, boils at the same temperature and freezes to a clear solid at -107.86F (The Encyclopedia of Science). And, it turns from a liquid to gas when it absorbs large amounts of heat from its surrounding area. Ammonia gas absorbs 327 calories of heat and it is because of this unique evaporation process ammonia is used in and for refrigerator equipment.
Read on
Hydroponic Gardening Advantages
The Environmental Impact of Farm Effluent
Testing Your Aquarium Water
Beware of Elevated Ammonia Levels
"Ammonia". World Book Encyclopedia, Volume 1, p. 434, 1992 ed. , Ref 031 WOR
The Haber Process
"Ammonia". The Encyclopedia of Science, Volume I, p. 51, 1963 ed. Harper and Row, Ref. 50B HAR
"Ammonia". Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, Volume 1, pp. 325-327 [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 1960ed., Ref 503 Mac
By heating ammonium salts with sodium hydroxide, gas escapes and can only be identified by its pungent odor and by turning litmus paper from red to blue. The chemical make up of ammonia can be achieved by the Haber Process (Encyclopedia of Science and Technology). This is done by combining free nitrogen with hydrogen gas. One part nitrogen mixes with three parts hydrogen under an extreme amount of pressure and temperature in the presence of an iron catalyst. Ammonia can also be obtained as a by-product in the production of coal and coke gas.
Ammonium Nitrate
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