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Wysłany: Śro 17:11, 13 Kwi 2011 Temat postu: Cheap Puma Clyde Chile – Protectio Cheap Puma Cly |
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In the 1970s a large-scale restoration project was set up to protect the tamarugo tree. The reasons were twofold: to save the tamarugo tree, and by doing so the government hoped to initiate large-scale farming of goats and sheep [the leaves and algarovilla fruits of the trees are good fodder], which would supply the surrounding towns with milk, cheese and meat.
The endemic tamarugo tree survives in one of the world's driest deserts, the Atacama Desert in north Chile. The tree is able to "stretch its roots to the genitalia of the earth and ultimately defeats death", as the Chilean Nobel Prize-winning poet Pablo Neruda once expressed it. But the tamarugal forest has enemies. First nitrate mines needed wood, now the forest is depleted of its water by the surrounding towns and agriculture.
Around 1900 the nitrate boom brought wealth to Chile. Nitrate [saltpetre] was found in the Atacama Desert [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], which led to the construction of more than one hundred nitrate towns and mines. The majority of the tamarugal forest was cut down to supply the mines with wood to fuel the ovens in which the nitrate was extracted [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and the tamarugo tree was threatened with extinction.
These forests used to cover thousands of square kilometres of the Atacama Desert and gave life to small settlements and groups of people in prehistoric times. The large number of geoglyphs and petroglyphs recall the presence of inhabitants from a much earlier age, as do the caravan trails that date from pre-Columbian times.
The Pampa de Tamarugal is a desert plateau in Chile at about 900 metres above sea level, situated between the Pacific Coast and the Andes Mountains. Tamarugal forests consist of salt-resistant marram grasses and tamarugo trees – the Prosopis Tamarugo.
Restoration of the Tamarugo Forests in the Atacama Desert
The Tamarugo Trees in Prehistoric Times
Chile's Nitrate Mines of Norte Grande
Read on
Chile
By 1970 [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], all nitrate mines had closed down – the Chilean nitrate industry collapsed after the discovery of the process to produce cheaper, synthetic fertilizers.
The second goal failed; the tradition of farming had been lost in the years of nitrate mining. Children of the villages no longer want to herd goats and have left in large numbers for Chile's coast and cities.
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